The World Health Organization

The Hand Hygiene Australia program is based on the World Health Organization (WHO) - World Alliance for Patient Safety campaign – “Clean Care is Safer Care” launched in 2005. On the 5th May 2009 WHO relaunched their campaign as "Save Lives: Clean Your Hands"

WHO have released two key hand hygiene documents. Please click here to access the WHO hand hygiene webpage, or link directly to the documents below:

WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care. World Alliance for Patient Safety.

The definitive guide to Hand Hygiene with an extensive literature review.

Reference:
World Health Organization (2009). WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care. World Alliance for Patient Safety. Geneva, World Health Organization Press.

Hand Hygiene in Outpatient and Home-based Care and Long-term Care Facilities

The latest release from WHO. Includes practical examples of practicing the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene in community health care settings, including: public vaccination, GP care, Maternal and Child Health Nurse, Radiography, Dental care, Home nursing, and Long Term Care facility care.

Reference:
World Health Organization (2012). Hand Hygiene in Outpatient and Home-based Care and Long-term Care Facilities: A Guide to the Application of the WHO Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy and the "My Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" Approach. Geneva, World Health Organization.

HHA Publications

Peer Reviewed

Grayson ML, Stewardson AJ, Russo PL, Ryan KE, Olsen KL, Havers SM, Greig S, Cruickshank M, Australia HH, National Hand Hygiene Initiative. Effects of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative after 8 years on infection control practices, health-care worker education, and clinical outcomes: a longitudinal study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2018 Sep 28.

Grayson ML, Russo P. The Australian hand hygiene initiative. Med J Aust 2009; 191: 420-1.

Grayson ML, Melvani S, Druce J, Barr IG, Ballard SA, Johnson PDR, Birch C. Efficacy of soap and water and alcohol-based hand-rub preparations against live H1N1 influenza on the hands of human volunteers. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 2009; 48:285–91.

Grayson ML, Russo PL, Cruickshank M, Bear JL, Gee CA, Hughes C, Johnson PDR, McCann R, McMillan AJ, Mitchell BG, Selvey C, Smith RE, Wilkinson I, on behalf of Hand Hygiene Australia, respective State/Territory contributors and the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare. Outcomes from the first 2 years of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative. Med J Aust 2011; 195: 615-9.

Huang GKL, Stewardson AJ, Grayson ML. Back to basics: hand hygiene and isolation. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2014; 27(4):379-89.

Grayson ML. Response to K. Page et al., Costing the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative. J Hosp Infect. 2015; 89:137-8.

Ryan K, Russo PL, Heard KR, Havers SM, Bellis KE, Grayson ML. Development of a standardised approach to observing hand hygiene compliance in Australia. Healthcare Infection, http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/HI12022

Graves N, Barnett A, White K, Jimmieson N, Page K, Campbell M, Stevens E, Rashleigh-Rolls R, Grayson ML, Paterson D. Evaluating the economics of the Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative. Healthcare Infection. 2012. 17(1) 5-10

Stewardson AS, Russo PL, Grayson ML. Doctor, do you have a moment? National Hand Hygiene Initiative compliance in Australian hospitals. Med J Aust. 2014; 201:264-5.

Grayson ML, Russo P. Problematic linkage of publicly disclosed hand hygiene compliance and health care-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia rates. Med J Aust 2012; 197:212-4.

Russo PL, Pittet D, Grayson ML. Australia: A leader in hand hygiene (Editorial). Healthcare Infection, 2012, 17:1-2.

Russo PL. Caution advised when interpreting MyHospitals data (Letter). Healthcare Infection, http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/HI12036

 

Articles and Abstracts

Ryan K, Hand Hygiene – ten little fingers and how many bugs? Spectrum Australian Institute of Radiography 2010, 17(9): 20-21.

Simpson P. One hand washes the other. Australian Aged Care Bulletin 2011, winter, 42-46.

Ryan K, Hand Hygiene – ten little fingers and how many bugs? InMotion, Australian Physiotherapy Association, 2010 Sept, 12-13.

Ryan K, Hand Hygiene – ten little fingers and how many bugs? Sound Effects, Australian Sonographers Association, 2011, 1, 38-39.

Russo PL, Havers S. How is your hand hygiene? Private Hospital, Australian Private Hospitals Association. 2012, April. 54-55.

Simpson P. One hand washes the other. Australian Hospital and Healthcare Bulletin. 2011 Autumn.

Russo PL. National Hand Hygiene Initiative. Australian Safety&health matters. 2009, 2(1). 8-9.

Grayson ML, Russo PL, Ryan K, Bellis KE. Good hand hygiene is good medicine. Medicine Today 2012, 13(3). 28-34.

Simpson P, Havers S. Handling hand hygiene in day surgery. Day Surgery Australia. 2010; 9(3): 4-5.

 

Textbook chapters

Russo PL, Grayson ML. Hand Hygiene Campaigning: From one hospital to the entire country (Chapter 36). In: Hand Hygiene. Pittet D. (ed.)

Boyce JM, Grayson ML. Alcohol-Based Hand Rub Safety. (Chapter 16). In: Hand Hygiene. Pittet D. (ed.)

 

Other Interesting Articles

Editorial In The Lancet ID

  • Gould D, Moralejo D, Chudleigh J, Drey N. The Australian National Hand Hygiene Initiative: framework for future research. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2018 Sep 28.

Articles on Hand Hygiene technique:

  • Pires, D., Bellissimo-Rodrigues, F., Soule, H., Gayet-Ageron, A. & Pittet, D. 2017, "Revisiting the WHO "How to Handrub" Hand Hygiene Technique: Fingertips First?", Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 230-230.
  • Tschudin-Sutter, S., Rotter, M., Frei, R., Nogarth, D., Hausermann, P., Stranden, A., Pittet, D. & Widmer, A. 2017, "Simplifying the WHO 'how to hand rub' technique: three steps are as effective as six-results from an experimental randomized crossover trial", Clinical Microbiology and Infection, vol. 23, no. 6.
  • Pires, D., Soule, H., Bellissimo-Rodrigues, F., Gayet-Ageron, A. & Pittet, D. 2017, "Hand Hygiene With Alcohol-Based Hand Rub: How Long Is Long Enough?", Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 547-552.

Recent literature on glove use:

  • Picheansanthian, W. & Chotibang, J. 2015, "Glove utilization in the prevention of cross transmission: a systematic review", JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 188-230.
  • Wilson, J., Bak, A. & Loveday, H. 2017, "Applying human factors and ergonomics to the misuse of nonsterile clinical gloves in acute care", American Journal of Infection COntrol, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 779-786.

Australian literature regarding hand hygiene behaviour and clinical practice:

  • Wyer, M., Iedema, R., Hor, S., Jorm, C., Hooker, C. & Gilbert, G.L. 2017, "Patient Involvement Can Affect Clinicians’ Perspectives and Practices of Infection Prevention and Control", International Journal of Qualitative Methods, vol. 16, no. 1.
  • Iedema, R., Hor, S., Wyer, M., Gilbert, G.L., Jorm, C., Hooker, C. & O’Sullivan, M.V.N. 2015, "An innovative approach to strengthening health professionals’ infection control and limiting hospital-acquired infection: Video-reflexive ethnography", BMJ Innovations, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 157-162.

Recent literature regarding alcohol tolerance:

  • Pidot SJ, Gao W, Buultjens AH, Monk IR, Guerillot R, Carter GP, et al. Increasing tolerance of hospital Enterococcus faecium to handwash alcohols. Science translational medicine. 2018;10(452).
  • Pittet D, Peters A, Tartari E. Enterococcus faecium tolerance to isopropanol: from good science to misinformation. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2018;18(10):1065-6

 

 

 

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